This discipline is considered one of the oldest sports, which appeared around in 2000 BC e.

Historical monuments related to by 2000 BC and 1200— ad, on which there is a stick and a ball.

Modern look games originated in schools and universities Great Britain in the middle of the 19th century. So, in 1861 in London arose first hockey club"Blackheath", a little later other organizations appeared. Before that in 1852 The rules of the game of field hockey were developed.

International Federation and other names of organizations

January 18, 1886- official education National Field Hockey Association. Gradually, this sport began to spread throughout Europe and Asia, and also gained popularity in the USA and Canada. . In 1895 was held first international match between Ireland and Wales. A January 7, 1924 in France it was decided to found International Field Hockey Federation.

As for women's field hockey, first club in 1876 was also educated in England at the University of Oxford.

In 1894 The National Field Hockey Association was formed in Ireland. At the beginning of the 20th century women's sports began to spread around the world and in 1926 took place first international meeting.

A in 1927 was formed in Great Britain International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations.

Is it an Olympic sport?

Since 1908 included in Olympic Games men's field hockey, since 1980 among women. The format of the competition changed several times. For example, in 1908 and 1952 matches were played back-to-back, and in 1920 and 1932- in a round robin system. The rest of the games had a standard format. First the group stage and then the playoff stage. At the Olympic Games there was no discipline only in 1912 and 1924.

Photo 1. Match between the women's national teams of Czechoslovakia and Poland at the Olympic Games in Moscow in 1980.

What is the name of a special type of game?

A type of field hockey indrohockey, which appeared in 1972 in Germany. It was then played first tournament. The first World Cup was held in 2003, where German teams won medals in both the women's and men's categories. Main differences from classic field hockey:

1. Coating. The match is played on artificial turf rather than grass.
2. Site size. If field hockey requires a field size 55*91 m, then for ice hockey - 20*40 m.
3. Command structure. For indro hockey it is required 6 people (5 field players and 1 goalkeeper), for field hockey it is necessary 11 players.
4. Time. The duration of the meeting is also different, in ice hockey 2 halves of 20 minutes.

How the matches between men and women work out

the main task- score more goals than the opposing team.

If the score is equal, after the whistle the result remains a draw, but in tournaments where there is no equal score there is extra time and post-match shootout.

The match starts from the center of the field, with the athletes positioned on their own halves of the court. After the referee's whistle, the competition begins.

Field players have the right to contact the ball only with the flat side of the club and you must not touch the projectile with your hands and feet. Goalkeeper, on the contrary, it is not prohibited to touch the ball both hands and feet, but if the projectile is pressed against the goalkeeper or he deliberately kicks the ball with his hand, then a free throw is awarded.

Attention! A goal is counted only if the projectile scored from the circle.

As for throw-ins, corners, goal kicks, everything is the same as in regular football. When the ball has left the attacking team, a goal kick is taken. If from the national team occupying defensive position - corner.

The ball goes out of bounds only when he is completely behind the side or end line. There are also penalty corners, they are awarded if there was a violation of the rules in the kick circle.

Jump ball The referee determines that in case of a stop, the rally takes place from the point of interruption. Players' sticks must be down, then hit the front side of the item over the projectile and play the ball.

There are two referees officiating the match, everyone is in their own half. They record violations, goals scored, control substitutions, and signal the beginning and end of each half.

Exists European Hockey League, where only the elite teams of Europe play and, therefore, the rules for this confederation differ from classic field hockey. The game is underway in the EHL 4 halves of 17.5 minutes. And five-minute break, and in regular matches 2 stages of 35 minutes and rest between halves in 10 min.

There are also differences regarding fines:

For minor violations, the referee shows the athlete green card and this is considered a warning.

If such a card is shown in the EHL, the player sits in the penalty box for 2 min.

1. When the judge reaches yellow card, then the athlete is removed for 2-5 minutes, depending on the nature of the violation. In the EHL - the player sits on the penalty bench for 5-10 minutes.
2. Red card regardless of the league - removal until the end of the match with possible disqualification for the next games.

Organization of the Olympics and friendly matches

The organization of tournaments rests on the shoulders of the International Field Hockey Federation. This association includes 127 national federations. She is for such tournaments as:

One of the main advantages- a large number of friendly matches that help determine the current form of the team.

And the coach at such meetings can try out various developments, see shortcomings and choose optimal team composition for upcoming official competitions.

Useful video

Check out the video, which explains the rules of field hockey: from the requirements for the field to the types of fines.

Comparison with "big brother"

More and more are appearing in the world various types sports and everyone finds their audience. Bandy has enough fans. After all, this kind of sport is close relative ice hockey and his fame increases every year. This discipline is very popular in European countries. He not so hard and fast like ice hockey, but also very spectacular and interesting.

Competition winners

Men

Women

Medal standings

Countries

Men

Women

Notes

1. There was no third place match, Great Britain received both bronze medals
2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The final tournament was held in a round-robin format

see also

• List of Olympic medalists in field hockey

Links

• Field hockey at the Olympics
• Sports at the Summer Olympics

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

• Ice hockey at the 2012 Winter Youth Olympics
• Bandy at the 2011 Asian Winter Games

See what “Field hockey at the Olympic Games” is in other dictionaries:

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Field hockey at the Olympics

Field hockey competitions at the Summer Olympics first appeared at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London and have since been included in the program of every subsequent Games, except the 1912 Games and the 1924 Games. Initially, the competition was men's, women's tournament appeared at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

Field hockey - summer olympic event sport, one of the most popular types of hockey. The competition is organized by the International Field Hockey Federation (Federation Intenationale de Hockey, FIH).

Field hockey is very popular in Great Britain and former British possessions - India, Pakistan, Australia. In the US and Canada, the sport is popular among girls in colleges and universities. It is known that games similar to field hockey were played in Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, the Aztecs and the ancient Japanese even before the new era. Modern rules of the game were developed in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century. Since then, there have been only minor rule changes.

The first World Championship was held in 1971. Field hockey is an Olympic sport. Among men's teams at the Olympics, competitions have been held since 1908 (with a break in 1912 and 1924), among women's teams - only since 1980.

The World Field Hockey Championships have been held regularly since the 1970s.

In the USSR, field hockey began to develop in the mid-1960s. In 1967, the Field Hockey Federation was created, and in 1970 it joined the International Federation. Field hockey in our country was less popular than its winter options- ice hockey and bandy. The only time Soviet players achieved success at the Olympic Games was in 1980 in Moscow, when the women's and men's teams each won a bronze medal. Since the collapse of the USSR, field hockey in Russia has been in crisis. The greatest successes were achieved by the teams of Spain, the Netherlands, Australia, India and Pakistan. As in all forms of hockey, players use sticks. The goal of the game is to drive the ball into the opponent's goal using a stick. It is prohibited for any players other than the goalkeeper to touch the ball with their hands or feet. On the players' feet - normal sport shoes. All over the world they play on artificial turf.

The team that scores more goals during the game than the opponent wins. If the score is equal, a draw is declared (in some tournaments, extra time may be used, and at the end of it, a penalty). But there is such a league in Europe EHL (European Hockey League) in this league they participate best teams from all over Europe, and here the rules have changed significantly. 1) usually in field hockey the cards are distributed as follows: A) for a minor violation of the rules, the referee shows the player a green warning card, and in the EHL, a green card is the removal from the field of the player who violated the rules for 2 minutes. B) in regular field hockey championships, a yellow card is the removal of a player from the field for 2-5 minutes at the discretion of the judges, and depending on the size of the violations, and in the EHL 5-10 minutes. C) a red card both in regular championships and in the EHL is a removal for the rest of the game, and it is possible to miss subsequent matches - depending on the violations.

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Field hockey is... What is Field Hockey?

Field hockey is a summer Olympic sport. The competition is organized by the International Field Hockey Federation (Fédération Internationale de Hockey, FIH). The International Ice Hockey Federation includes more than 116 countries.

There is a type of indoor field hockey - indoor hockey, which is considered a separate sport and is distinguished not only by its surface, but also by the smaller size of the site and the number of players on each team.

Field hockey is very popular in Holland, Germany, Spain, Belgium, England, Ireland, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Pakistan, and Malaysia.

Story

Field hockey is one of the most ancient sports games.

The oldest monument dates back to approximately 2000 BC. The pyramid, located near the town of Beni Hasan in the Nile Valley, depicts two players with sticks fighting for the ball. Historical documents indicate that both the ancient Japanese (“kachi” and “dakiu”) and the Aztec Indians (“cheuka”) played games similar to hockey. The next historical monument discovered in the game dates back only to 1200 AD. The thick glass stained glass window in the North Chorale of Canterbury Cathedral in England depicts a boy holding a club in his left hand and a ball at his right shoulder. In the Copenhagen museum, on the altar there is a figurine depicting two hockey players playing a ball. It dates back to 1333. The modern name of the game hockey may have come from the old French word “hoke” (hoquet) - a shepherd’s crook with a hook: many historians agree that the founders of field hockey are shepherds who whiled away free time playing this game in the summer pastures.

Field hockey today

Field hockey found its current face in the mid-19th century in England. The basis for development was schools and universities. The formation of the world's first hockey club dates back to 1861. It became the Blackheath club in London. The players gathered at the Princess of Wales Hotel, chose red or blue hats from a bag (the club has retained these colors to this day) and went out to play on a nearby field - red against blue. The game was then played with both sides of the stick. The ball was quite light and made of rubber. The hockey field measured 200 by 60 yards. Soon other hockey clubs appeared: Teddington, Surbiton, Richmond, East Surrey. The first rules of the game were developed in 1852. In 1860 the rules of the game at Eton College were approved. Every school and every club at that time had its own version of the rules of the game. The first club to try to standardize the rules was East Surrey. The rules of 1875 stated that “the stick must not be raised above the shoulder”, “a goal cannot be scored if the ball is kicked more than 15 yards from the goal post”, “the ball must be white”. It was not until the founding of the first official national Field Hockey Association (January 18, 1886) that the rules were unified and compiled into a set of rules. In 1887, the length of the stick was limited, and the goalkeeper was given the right to play with his feet in the kick circle. In 1889, a goal net was introduced as a mandatory attribute. In 1907, many rules were defined that are still in effect today. By the end of the 1970s. Field hockey has become the most popular sport among students at Oxford and Cambridge Universities. The first official field hockey match took place between students of these educational institutions. It was played in 1890. By the end of the 19th century. field hockey spread to many European countries, penetrated into India, then into Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. At the end of the 40s. 20th century this game began to develop in African countries. In 1895, the first international field hockey meeting took place: a match was held in Rhyl between the teams of Ireland and Wales. Issues of organization and conduct international competitions, the International Field Hockey Council, created in 1900, was initially involved in clarifying the rules of the game. On January 7, 1924, the International Field Hockey Federation (FIH) was founded in Paris. The initiator of its creation was the Frenchman Paul Lyautey, who became its first president. Initially, the FIH united the national hockey associations of 7 European countries: Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Spain, France, Czechoslovakia and Switzerland. In the same year, the first FIH charter was adopted. The International Field Hockey Federation unites 119 national federations and associations from Asia, America, Africa, Europe and Oceania. Nowadays, in many countries around the world, field hockey ranks second in popularity after football among team sports, competitions in which are held outdoors.

The rise of women's field hockey

Modern women's field hockey began its history in the 70s of the 19th century. In 1876, the world's first women's hockey club, formed by students of Oxford University, appeared in England. The first national women's field hockey association was formed in 1894 in Ireland. Then similar associations arose in England and Wales. By the beginning of the 20th century, women's hockey teams appeared in European countries, Canada, USA, New Zealand and Australia. But until the 1920s. Competitions for women's teams were held as part of national tournaments and meetings. International matches with the participation of female hockey players began only in 1926. In 1927, at the founding congress in London, the International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations (IFWHA) was created. But only 48 years later in Amsterdam, in the interests of the participation of women's hockey in the Olympic Games, the Supreme Council of Field Hockey was created, which included the leaders of the International Field Hockey Federation (FIH) and the IFWHA. This advice was recognized by the International Olympic Committee, and in 1976 the decision was made to include women's field hockey in the Summer Olympics. Since 1978, uniform rules of the game began to apply for men's and women's teams.

Olympic tournaments

Field hockey tournaments among men's teams were first included in the program of the Summer Olympic Games in 1908. Since 1932 they have been organized in all summer games. Women's national teams first participated in the Olympic Games in 1980. The competition formula was changed several times: in 1908 and 1952. The hockey tournament was held using a knockout system in 1920 and 1932. - in a round robin system. At all other Olympic Games - according to a mixed system: preliminary games in two subgroups are held according to a round-robin system, the final part (drawing for medals and subsequent places) - according to the Olympic system. During the time during which field hockey is included in the program of the Olympic Games, the largest total number of medals was won by the teams of India - 11 (8 gold, 1 silver and 2 bronze), the Netherlands - 13 (3, 4, 6), Germany (including results of Germany) – 11 (3, 5, 3), Australia – 10 (4, 3, 3), Pakistan – 8 (3, 3, 2), Great Britain – 7 (3, 1, 3) and Spain – 4 ( 1, 2, 1). Seven hockey players are three-time Olympic champions, and all of them are representatives of the Indian national team of different years: Richard Allen and Dhayan Chand (1928, 1932 and 1936), Leslie Claudius, Ranaganandhan Francis, Balbir Singh, Randhir Singh Gentle (1948, 1952, 1956) and Udham Singh (1952, 1956, 1964). In the Olympic hockey tournaments of women's teams, three athletes became twice Olympic champions: Rechell Hawkes, Jacqueline Pereira and Line Toot representing the Australian women's national team (1988 and 1996).

Rules of the game

As in all forms of hockey, players use sticks. The goal of the game is to drive the ball into the opponent's goal using a stick. It is prohibited for any players other than the goalkeeper to touch the ball with their hands or feet. The players wear regular sports shoes. All over the world they play on artificial turf.

The team that scores more goals during the game than the opponent wins. If the score is equal, a draw is declared (in some tournaments, extra time may be used, and at the end of it, a penalty).

There is a European Hockey League (EHL). This league features the best teams from all over Europe and the rules have changed significantly. Typically in field hockey, cards (fines) are distributed as follows:

• for a minor violation of the rules, the referee shows the player a green warning card, and in the EHL, a green card is the removal from the field of the player who violated the rules for 2 minutes.
• in regular field hockey championships, a yellow card means removing a player from the field for 2-5 minutes at the discretion of the judges, and depending on the size of the violations, and in the EHL 5-10 minutes.
• A red card, both in regular championships and in the EHL, is a removal for the rest of the game, and it is possible to miss subsequent matches, depending on the violations.

The game involves two opposing teams of 11 people. The game lasts for 70 minutes - two halves of 35 minutes each with a break of 10 minutes.

In regular field hockey championships, the match time, as already mentioned, is 2 halves of 35 minutes, and in the EHL there are 4 halves of 17 minutes 30 seconds with breaks between halves of 5 minutes.

A goal will be counted if the kick was taken from inside the kick circle.

If the ball goes out of bounds from the attacking team, then a goal kick is awarded. If the ball goes away from the defending team, then a corner kick is awarded.

If a player of the defending team violates the rules in the kick circle, then the attacking team plays a penalty corner

The goalkeeper can only hit the ball with any part of the body or the playing side of the stick. A penalty kick is awarded only if the ball is pressed against the goalkeeper or the goalkeeper deliberately knocked the ball with his hand.

The “dead zones” for the goalkeeper during a penalty kick are the lower left corner at a distance of 40 to 60 cm from the ground (depending on the goalkeeper’s height) and the upper right “nine” (provided that the goalkeeper is right-handed)

Notes

Literature

Links

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Field hockey - rules and features of the game

When choosing a healthy lifestyle, it is important to give preference to some kind of sport. Today field hockey is one of the favorites for many active people. Adults and children can master the basics of the game. To do this, it is important to know the rules of the game and have the necessary equipment.

Field hockey - rules of the game

Even a child can learn to play field hockey; to do this, you need to know the rules of the game:

1. Command structure. The team consists of a goalkeeper, two defenders, three midfielders, and five forwards. The two substitute players may only be used once throughout the game.
2. Game time. Beginner hockey players often wonder how long field hockey lasts. For adults, each such match consists of two periods of thirty-five minutes each. For young men - two periods of half an hour and for children - two periods of twenty-five minutes each with a ten-minute break.
3. Goal. According to the rules of the game, a goal is counted when the ball completely crosses the goal line, or when one of the attackers touches the ball in the strike circle area. At the same time, it is forbidden to push away or step on the opponent’s feet. This may be assessed as body play and ultimately penalized. When the actions of the players create a danger for themselves, the referee gives a signal with a whistle. In addition, according to the rules, it is not allowed to block the road or block an opponent.
4. The ball is out of play. When the ball goes over the side lines, a hockey player from the opposing team puts it into play. All other players must be no closer than four meters from the ball.
5. Corner kick. Awarded when the ball goes over the goal line outside the goal and bounces off a player.
6. A penalty corner kick is usually awarded if the players of the defending team have violated the rules directly in the area of ​​the strike circle.
7. Any player who is in the opponent’s half of the field may be “offside” when, when the ball is passed by teammates, there are no 3 players of the opposing team between them and the goal line.
8. Deletions. When players exhibit gross unsportsmanlike behavior, they may be suspended for five minutes or for the entire duration of the game.

Field hockey - equipment

The game of field hockey, beloved by children and adults, requires special equipment. You can’t do without clubs, a ball and special clothing. Field players of the same team must wear the same clothes. In this case, the goalkeeper's jersey should be different. All players can equip:

• special protective gloves;
• shin guards;
• plates for protecting teeth;
• special shoes;
• smooth protective mask.

The goalkeeper must have:

• protective helmet;
• mask;
• shields;
• shoe covers;
• bib;
• elbow pads;
• goalie shorts.

Field hockey - sticks

It is generally accepted that a field hockey stick should weigh from 340 to 794 g. As for the length, there are no restrictions. On average it is 85-90 centimeters. The stick's blade is made of walnut, mulberry, acacia, or ash. The veins of the wood in the bending areas must be parallel to the outer sides. Otherwise, the stick could easily break. For the same reason, it is not recommended to wrap it.

Field hockey ball

It is impossible to play field hockey without a ball. Its diameter should be no more than 7.4 centimeters. Weight - within 156-163 g. According to the rules, the ball must be completely painted white or painted over with white stripes. The core of the ball is made of cork and felt. When exposed to dampness, such a ball can change weight and quickly lose its previous shape.

Field hockey shin guards

The world-famous sport of field hockey involves the use of special pads by players. They represent an element hockey equipment which protects knee-joint, calf and shin of a hockey player. They consist of a cup and a shin-fitting shield. Additional elements of hockey pads include a shock-absorbing lining and special adjustment straps. Often there is also a lateral wrap-around shin protector that can protect the calf muscle. Hockey pads come in wide and narrow varieties. The first ones have a larger, and the narrow ones have a smaller internal radius.

Field hockey shoes

When playing field hockey, it is important to choose quality shoes. Experienced athletes choose field hockey shoes. They must be comfortable and not restrict movement during the game. At the same time, there is no need to buy shoes “with a reserve”. Otherwise, the sneakers will cause a lot of inconvenience, and it is unlikely that you will be able to enjoy such a game. You can purchase such special shoes in a specialized store.

Field hockey - interesting facts

It is known that field hockey competitions have many interesting facts:

1. The playing field should be standard - 81-91 m by 50-55 m.
2. Before the start of the game, the field must be filled with water.
3. Field hockey is an Olympic sport. It was included in the Olympic Games program back in 1908.
4. Initially, the competition was held exclusively among men's teams.
5. The championship among women was first held in 1980 in Moscow.
6. Many historians consider shepherds to be the founder of this sport. They had fun in their free time by passing stones to each other using sticks.

Books about field hockey

You can learn a lot of interesting things about field hockey by reading special literature:

1. “Field Hockey” by E. Fedotov. Thanks to this book, everyone can master the game beloved by many. It is dedicated to hockey technique and tactics. Written in an accessible form, the book will be an excellent guide to the world of sports for children and adults.
2. "Field hockey. Competition rules" N. Dotsenko. The book talks about the important rules of refereeing and organizing the game.
3. "A Dangerous Book for Boys" by Conn Iggulden. The publication says that field hockey is an exciting game for boys that requires special skills and knowledge.

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Olympic champions and medalists in field hockey

www.olympic-champions.ru

Field hockey | altedu.ru

Field hockey is a team sport sport game a ball game with sticks, where two teams play, each with eleven people.

This sport, in which two opposing teams try to throw a ball into a special fence using sticks, belongs to the very first sports competitions of mankind. In Ancient times they existed under different names and in different forms. This game with a ball and a stick existed already in 550 BC.

And modern field hockey began to develop in England at the beginning of the 19th century. The first national association and the first set of gaming rules were formed in 1886 in England.

Playing ball with sticks on the grass is one of the first ball games. This sport is played by men and women too. The game involves 2 teams who, subject to certain rules, try to score the ball into the opponent’s goal and, among other things, defend their own goal. The winner is the team that scores the most goals during the game.

This sport can only be played on level ground. An area with artificial turf is considered the most convenient.

Hockey players play in a T-shirt or tank top and shorts, and women wear a T-shirt and a short skirt. Goalkeepers wear knee-length shin guards, gloves with cuffs, chain mail and face masks.

Field hockey was included in the Olympic Games in 1908, when only men's teams played. And since 1980, women's teams began to participate. The game of field hockey is the only Olympic sport in which Asian athletes have been unmatched for many years. Hockey players from India and Pakistan won gold medals in nine Summer Olympics.

In Moscow, field hockey was held at the Olympics in 1980. Women's teams It was then that they first took part in competitions. At the Olympics, the USSR national team won 80 bronze medals. Towards major international tournaments, World and European Championships, the International Field Hockey Federation began in 1970.

In field hockey, the leading countries are currently countries such as Holland, Argentina, Germany, Australia, China and England, Spain. This can be seen in Beijing at the Olympic Games. Also in Russia, modern artificial grass, equipment and equipment began to appear, and the number of victories of Russian national teams and Russian clubs in international arenas also increased. Under the leadership of Igor Shishkov, the Russian men's youth team won the European Field Hockey and Indoor Hockey Championships in 2004. Russian clubs strive to join the global elite: the Moscow Region Hockey Club is one of the 8 strongest clubs in Europe, which is held under the leadership of the European Field Hockey Federation.

Like other team games, field hockey can be recommended as a sport for young people. This sport will also be present at the 2013 Universiade. The competition will take place from July 7 to 12 at the Field Hockey Center. 16 teams will participate, and two sets of medals will be awarded. I hope our athletes will not let us down.

623, Zaripova I.R.

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Sports in your backyard. What is field hockey

Field hockey is a summer Olympic sport. The competition is organized by the International Field Hockey Federation (Federation Intenationale de Hockey, FIH).

Field hockey is very popular in Great Britain and former British colonies - Australia, India, Pakistan. In the United States and Canada, field hockey is often played by girls in colleges and universities.

A Brief History of Field Hockey

Games similar to field hockey were played in ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, as well as by the Aztecs and ancient Japanese before our era. The rules of the game of field hockey were developed in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century. Since then they have changed little.

The first world field hockey championship took place in 1971 and since then championships have been held regularly. Since 1908, field hockey has been an Olympic sport. Among men's teams at the Olympics, competitions have been held since 1908 (with a break in 1912 and 1924), among women's teams - only since 1980. In the USSR, field hockey began to be played in the mid-1960s. In 1967, the Field Hockey Federation was created, and in 1970 it joined the International Federation. The popularity of field hockey in the USSR was much less than ice hockey and bandy.

Brief rules games

Two teams of 11 people play. The game lasts two halves of 35 minutes with a break of 10 minutes. As in all forms of hockey, players use sticks. The goal of the game is to drive the ball into the opponent's goal using a stick. It is prohibited for any players other than the goalkeeper to touch the ball with their hands or feet. They play on artificial turf. The team that scores more goals during the game than the opposing team wins. If the score is equal, a draw is declared, or extra time and penalties are awarded.

Our thoughts about the sport in which we won olympic medals, and now even participation in the Olympics seems like something out of fantasy, honored coach of Russia Igor Shishkov shares with SE.

I don’t want to blame anyone for anything, but I will express my opinion on the development of the Olympic sport in our country.

Russia is a hockey country. And rightfully, ice hockey occupies a leading position among all team sports after football. All conditions are created for Canadian hockey at all levels. Comfortable indoor sports palaces do not pose obstacles to regular classes and do not make the sport dependent on weather conditions. The same cannot be said about summer hockey. It's winter in Russia. In the middle part of the country it is longer, in the south it is shorter. To be honest, playing field hockey in uncomfortable conditions is not a joy. We do not have indoor fields. We have to look for alternative training options.

In Germany, in the late 60s, such a way out of the situation was found. We moved hockey indoors. We came up with rules and started training, preparing for summer hockey in the cold season. The German initiative was taken up by many countries, and already in 1972 at the club level, and in 1974 at the national team level, the first official competitions were held under the control of the European Hockey Federation. Then the world championships appeared.

The answer is very simple. Specialist trainers will understand me. Speed, speed-strength qualities and especially speed endurance have become the physical qualities who are actively improving through indoor field hockey. Closed playing space, instant decision making when executing techniques(I would say, even the lack of time), the most complex dribbling without throwing the ball, the peculiarities of tackling the ball in a low position - this is the set of tools that improve the skill of any hockey player. This is one side of the coin, the “external” side. The “inside” side will surprise you even more. We conducted an experiment analyzing the cost of the competitive load. Players' heart rates were monitored telemetrically during the game and lactate was taken at halftime and after the game. I won’t show the numbers, they are there. The conclusion was simply fantastic! In a game in the hall, hockey players reached their heart rate at the maximum possible level for themselves, and this frequency of contractions was maintained throughout the game shift, which is 4-5 minutes. The concentration of lactate in the blood was individually maximum. So what, you ask?

Thanks to the competitive load in indoor hockey, the athlete experiences such shifts in body systems that cannot be achieved at the training level, sometimes even in field hockey. And this is what all coaches work for. The maximum training effect is achieved, but not immediately. And in the phase of his supercompensation.

And now a short excursion into history. Germany men's team. Olympic champion 2008, 2012. European champion until 2008 and world champion until 2013 in indoor hockey. There is only one coach in both events - Markus Weise. When in 2008 the German team lost the European championship to the Russian team for the first time since 1974, many did not believe it. The championship took place in January in Yekaterinburg. A month later, the Russian team went to the Olympic qualifying tournament in Chile. From minus 30C to plus 40C. And with virtually no preparation (there were financial reasons for this). The core of the team consisted of hockey players from the Moscow region and Yekaterinburg, adherents of field hockey and indoor hockey. The result is bronze medals after the teams of India and England. Moving in the world ranking from 45th to 24th.

After the Olympic qualifying tournament, I was invited to speak at a coaching course held in Santiago by the International Ice Hockey Federation (FIH). There was only one question - how did you manage to perform so well in Chile after the historic victory in indoor hockey over the Germans. I talked about the delights winter preparation. Interestingly, the person who asked me the most questions was the then course participant, 39-year-old Carlos Jose Retegui. Now this Argentine coach has won Olympic medals with his team in Rio. Coincidence? Hardly. Argentina, like Holland, England, and other leading countries of the world has been actively developing indoor hockey for 10 years now. The 2018 World Cup will be held in Argentina. Club teams invite us to their tournaments and plan trips to Russia.

Now I am ready to respond to the proposal of the vice-president of the FHTR Georgy Galashev - to ban indoor hockey in Russia as a harmful sport for field hockey.

Former President of the International Hockey Federation Leandro Negres said: “Indoor hockey is simply irreplaceable for Russia...”. Thousands of children participate in this spectacular sport. I spoke about its benefits above. Tribunes sports complex"Nadezhda" in Pavlovsky Posad, where the 2016 European Champions Cup "Trophy" was held, was packed to capacity. The viewership of online reports reached tens of thousands. And this is the marketing basis. It should be properly used in promoting the entire field hockey game.

Unfortunately, we do not have unity. There are ardent opponents. And for the development of field hockey, all means are important; indoor hockey is simply irreplaceable.

On the eve of the next reporting and election conference, I would like to draw attention to an item on the conference agenda. This is point No. 3 “ON THE NECESSITY for the development of indoor field hockey (indoor hockey) in Russia.”

You got the answer in this article.

Field hockey- a sports team game with sticks and a plastic ball on the grass, the goal of which is to throw the ball into the opponent’s goal more times than the opposing team can do in a set time. Field hockey is popular among both men and women.

History of field hockey

The oldest discovery related to field hockey is considered to be an image of two players with sticks fighting for the ball on a pyramid near the town of Beni Hasan (Nile Valley). The Japanese also played similar games with the Aztec Indians. The stained glass window in the North Chorale of Canterbury Cathedral in England shows a boy holding a stick and a ball, which tells us that the image dates back to 1200 BC.

Field hockey acquired its current form in the mid-19th century and was played in schools and universities in England. The first rules were formulated in 1952. In 1861, the first hockey club, Blackheath, was formed in London, and later other clubs began to appear: Teddington, Surbiton, Richmond, East Surrey.

On January 18, 1886, the first official national Field Hockey Association was formed, and with it a set of rules was compiled.

By the end of the century, field hockey developed rapidly in European countries and penetrated into India, Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and Japan.

In 1895, the first international field hockey meeting took place between the national teams of Ireland and Wales.

On January 7, 1924, the International Field Hockey Federation was founded in Paris. In 1908, men's field hockey was included in the Summer Olympics, and women's field hockey was included in the Olympic Games in 1980.

Field hockey rules

Let's look at the basic rules of playing field hockey. As mentioned earlier, the goal of the game is to throw as many balls as possible into the opponent's goal. If the score is tied, a draw is declared; in some tournaments, extra time may be used, followed by shootouts. It is prohibited to touch the ball with your hands or feet; only the goalkeeper can do this. Each team has 11 players.

The game consists of two halves, each lasting 35 minutes with a 10-minute break in between. The EHL (European Hockey League) has 4 halves of 17 and a half minutes each, with five-minute breaks between halves.

If the ball goes out of bounds from a player of the attacking team, then a goal kick is taken. If the ball goes away from a player on the defending team, a corner kick is awarded. If a player from the defending team violates the rules in the kick circle, then the attacking team takes a corner kick.

Fines

• for a minor violation of the rules, the referee shows the player a green warning card (in the EHL, a green card is a removal of the player from the field for 2 minutes);
• in regular field hockey championships, a yellow card means removing a player from the field for 2-5 minutes at the discretion of the judges, and depending on the size of the violations (in the EHL - 5-10 minutes);
• A red card means a suspension for the rest of the game, and depending on the violations, you may miss subsequent matches.

Field for playing field hockey

The playing field has a rectangular shape with dimensions of 91.4 meters in length and 55 meters in width. All marking lines on the field are 75 mm wide and are part of playing field. The field contains the following markings:

• side lines are drawn along the length of the field perimeter;
• the end lines are drawn along the width of the field perimeter;
• the part of the end line between the goal posts is called the goal line;
• the center line divides the field in half;
• The 23-meter lines are drawn across the field at a distance of 22.90 m from each end line;
• the kick circle area is located inside the field around the goal in the center of the goal line;
• in each corner of the field there are flags with a height of 1.2 meters to 1.5 meters.

Bandy is played on various surfaces, but the most preferred one and recognized by the International Hockey Federation (FIH) is artificial grass.

Standard provisions

The ball is played from the center of the field at the beginning of the game, at the beginning of the second half, and also after a goal is scored. In this case, all players of both teams, except the player playing the ball, must be in their own half of the field.

A held ball is awarded if the game was stopped due to injury or for other reasons (without violation of the rules) and is played from the place where it was stopped (no closer than 15 meters from the end line). Players performing a jump ball must lower their sticks to the surface to the right of the ball, hit the faces of their sticks once over the ball, and then play the ball.

The ball is considered to be out of bounds if it has completely crossed the end or side line. If the ball goes over the side line, then it is put into play from the place where it crossed the line.

Inventory and equipment

The field players of each field hockey team must wear the same uniform. The goalkeeper's jersey must be different from the rest of the team. It is prohibited to wear or carry items that pose a danger to other players during the game.

Players are permitted to wear protective gloves, shin guards and teeth guards, as well as a smooth protective mask of a transparent, white or other color (different from the complexion) that fits closely to the face, while participating in defensive actions for a penalty corner kick or free kick. throw before they finish. The goalkeeper must wear a protective helmet, mask, pads and shoe covers. In addition, the goalkeeper is allowed to wear a breastplate, elbow pads, and goalkeeper shorts.

A field hockey stick should be a traditional shape with a handle and a curved end that is flat on the left side. It should be smooth, without rough or sharp parts. All club bends should be smooth and should not exceed 2.5 cm in depth.

The ball must be round, hard, white or another legal color different from the playing surface. Below is a photo of a field hockey ball.